What are the side effects of apremilast?

The Psoriasis Strategy™ By Julissa Clay This eBook is known as a reliable source to help you in getting your psoriasis cured day by day. Thousands of people have used it to cure their irritable and annoying skin condition by following the instructions provided in this eBook. In this eBook, its creator has provided complete information about this skin condition and its causes. She has suggested the ways which you can follow to cure the condition of your skin without worsening its condition or harming your skin.

What are the side effects of apremilast?

Apremilast is an oral medication primarily used to treat moderate to severe plaque psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. While it can be effective in managing these conditions, it is associated with a range of potential side effects. Here is a detailed overview of the side effects of apremilast:

Common Side Effects

Gastrointestinal Issues
- Diarrhea: One of the most common side effects, especially during the initial phase of treatment.
- Nausea: Frequently reported, particularly at the start of therapy.
- Vomiting: Can occur, typically in the early stages of treatment.
- Abdominal Pain: Some patients experience abdominal discomfort or pain.
Weight Loss
- Significant Weight Loss: Some patients may experience notable weight loss, which requires monitoring, especially in those with pre-existing conditions or low body weight.
Headache
- Frequency: Commonly reported side effect, usually mild to moderate in intensity.
Upper Respiratory Tract Infections
- Symptoms: Increased susceptibility to infections like colds, sinus infections, and bronchitis.
Fatigue
- Tiredness: Some patients report feeling unusually tired or fatigued.

Less Common Side Effects

Psychiatric Effects
- Depression: There have been reports of depression and mood changes in some patients. It is important to monitor for any signs of mood changes or suicidal thoughts.
- Anxiety: Some patients may experience increased anxiety.
Severe Gastrointestinal Effects
- Severe Diarrhea: In rare cases, diarrhea can be severe enough to require discontinuation of the medication.
- Severe Nausea and Vomiting: Persistent or severe symptoms may necessitate stopping the medication.
Hypersensitivity Reactions
- Allergic Reactions: Rarely, patients may develop allergic reactions, which can manifest as rash, itching, or swelling.
Infections
- Serious Infections: While upper respiratory infections are more common, there is a risk of more serious infections due to the immunomodulatory effects of the drug.
Laboratory Abnormalities
- Blood Tests: Changes in blood cell counts and liver enzyme levels have been reported, although these are generally mild and asymptomatic.

Monitoring and Management

Regular Monitoring
- Weight: Regular monitoring of weight is important, especially in patients experiencing significant weight loss.
- Mood and Behavior: Monitoring for signs of depression, anxiety, or other mood changes is crucial.
- Infection Signs: Be vigilant for signs of infections, both minor and serious.
Dose Adjustment
- Gastrointestinal Tolerance: In cases of severe gastrointestinal side effects, dose adjustments or gradual titration of the medication may help improve tolerance.
Supportive Measures
- Hydration and Diet: Ensuring adequate hydration and a balanced diet can help mitigate some of the gastrointestinal side effects.
- Symptomatic Treatment: Over-the-counter medications may help manage symptoms like headaches or minor infections.

Precautions and Contraindications

Pregnancy and Breastfeeding
- Teratogenicity: Apremilast should be used with caution in pregnant women due to potential risks to the fetus. Effective contraception is recommended for women of childbearing potential.
- Breastfeeding: The safety of apremilast during breastfeeding is not well-established, and caution is advised.
Renal Impairment
- Dosage Adjustment: Patients with severe renal impairment may require dosage adjustments to avoid increased side effects.
Drug Interactions
- Concomitant Medications: Careful consideration is needed when apremilast is used with other medications, particularly those that may interact with its metabolism.

Conclusion

Apremilast is an effective treatment for moderate to severe plaque psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis, but it is associated with a range of potential side effects, including gastrointestinal issues, weight loss, headaches, infections, and psychiatric effects. Regular monitoring, supportive care, and dose adjustments can help manage these side effects and improve patient tolerance to the medication. Patients should work closely with their healthcare providers to balance the benefits of treatment with the management of side effects, ensuring the best possible outcomes.